Variometer



Aug. 11,A 1925.v 1,548,832 Y I W. ECKHARDT I 4.VARIOMETER Filed S. 192s ATTORNEY.

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tsaar "i/"V'ALTTR .Tn ECKHAPLDT, Oli' PHLADELEH, EENNSYLVANIA, ASSGNQR T0 MUSIC? MSTEER CRPORATION, OF EHLADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANl-"A, A GORPORATON OF DELAWAR- Application tiled January 5, 1923.

To all whom t muy concern.'

Re it known that l, lWai/ran L. EGKHARDT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, in thc county of Philadelphia and .Qltate of Pennsylvania, have invented an improvement in Variometers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to variomcters for use in radio systems, and it has for its object to provide novel means whereby the parts constituting the struct-ure may be more read- 'ily assembled, thereby effecting economy6 in the manufacture thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved and novel construction of contact and. bearing for the rotor shaft which is mounted upon the stator casing.

To these and other ends my invention comprehends the construction as fully described herein and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification and in which ,l have illustrated onel convenient form of embodiment of the said invention. lt will be understoodhowever, that the invent-ion is susceptible of embodiment in other forms of construction than that shown and that changes in the details 'thereof may be made within the scope of 'the claims without departing from the said invention. y

ln the drawing:

Fig. l is a transverse sectional view taken in a plane substantially at right angles 'to that in which Fig. 2 is taken;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view take-n on the line 2-*2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional View taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a view showing in perspective a bridge or jumper; and A Fig. 6 is a similar view showing a spring contact which has been formed by removing a portion of the bridge or jumper shown y in Fig. l

Referring to the drawing: l and 2 designate the complemental semi-spherical portions constituting the casing of the stator of the Variometer, which portions are provided at their edges with project-ions 3 and 4 and 5 and G provided with openings therethrough. These projections and openings are adapted to register when the portions or members l and 2 are secured together by 'VAROMETER.

Serial l'c. 510,733.

means of fastening bolts 7, 8, 9 and 10 which extend through the said openings. rlhe said semi-spherical portions or members l and 2 are held 4together by means of nuts il, l2, 'i3 and i4 upon 'the said bolts.

The two groups 20 and 2l of the stator cpil are secured upon the semi-spherical portions or members l and 2. ilhese windings are secured upon the inner side of the stator casing and ends of adjoining turns thereof are connected as indicated at 23 upon the outside thereof. These ends are extended through openings 24 and 25 in the comple- 'mental members l and 2 of the casing which openings are situated near the edges of the said parts and in adjacent relation to each other. It will be seen that the windings of the two groups of coils 20 and 2l are in the same direction and continuons. The opposite or outer end portions of 'the wires of the two groups of coils 2O and 2l are conducted through grooves 26 and 27 to metal clips 30 and 31, the former being secured in a seat upon the complemental member l and in engagement with the bolt 10, while the latter is secured in a seat upon the complemental member 2 and in engagement-'with the bolt 8. The position of the latter is indicatedlin dotted lines in Fig. l of the drawing.

iThe inner surfaces of 'the respective projections 3 and 4 and 5 and 6 are flush with' the surfaces of the respective members l and 2 from which they project.

The inner edge of each of the complemental members l and 2 is provided with grooves 32 and 33 each of which is semispherical in cross section, and the said grooves are complemental to each other and when placed face to face constitute openings which are circular in cross section; in other words, cylindrical openings are formed. These openings or holes constitute bearings for; the rotor shaft comprising the metal rods 34 and 35, the inner ends of vwhich are spaced from each other or'sepacontact with the rotor shaft near the oppo-.

site ends thereof. The first of these springs is secured to the complemental stator member 1 of the casing while the other one is secured to the opposite complemental mem- `ber 2. In order to permit flexing or bendin of the springs 41 and 42 I have provi ed the notches or slots 41a and 42a in the faces of the .respective members 1 and 2. These springs extend 'transversely of the rotor shaft and contact with reduced portions 43 and 44 thereof formed by annular square-cornered grooves 45 and 46 around the said shaft near the opposite ends thereof. The first of these grooves 45 is of a width substantially equal to the width of the spring 41 so that engagement of the latter with the said groove prevents longitudinal or axial displacement of the said ro-tor shaft. rIhe opposite ends of said groove constitute shoulders or abutments with which the opposite edges of the spring 41 contact. The other-of said grooves 46 is of greater width so as to accommodate .any inequalities or distortions which may be present in the structure of the stator casing comprising the parts 1 and 2. This will insure that when the spring is in engagement with the groove 45 the other spring 42 will be permitted to enter or engage the groove 46 adjacent the opposite end of the rotor shaft. The spring 41 is carried by or associated with the complemental portion or member 1 while the spring 42 is carried by and associated with the complemental portion or member 2. These springs, as will be noted,

.are situated upon opposite sides of the rotor shaft so that if there should be wear between the relatively moving surfaces of the shaft and the bearings therefor the said springs would tend to cause rotation of the rotor about the center of the structure and thereby 1prevent one portion of the rotor from approac ing nearer to the stator coil than some other portion thereof. In other words, symmetry of position of the coils relative to each other is maintained. The s ring 41 is secured to the bolt 7 while the spring 42 is secured to the bolt 9.

The inner adjacent end 4portions of the coils 39 and 40 are connected together as indicated at 50, while the outer end portions 51 and 52 are secured to the portions 35 and 36 of the rotor shaft. The rotorshaft extends through diametrically situated openin in the rotor casing 38 and is stationarily secured therein by means of a pin 56 which extends through the said shaft and' through portions of the rotor casing or support upon opposite sides thereof.

Conductors leading form the 'variometer are, in the construction shown, connected to the bolts 9 and 10 by means of the binding nuts 13 and 14.

If a current enters through the bolt 9 it will flow through the contact spring 42 to the ortion 35 of the rotor shaft, from the atter through the section of rotor coil 39, thence through the section 40 of said coil, from the latter to the portio-n 34 of the rotor shaft, `from the latter through the spring 41 to the bolt 7, from the latter along the bridge or jumper 58 to the bolt 8, from the latter through the clip 31 tothe section 21 of the stator coil, thence to the section 2() of said coils, and from thence to the cli 30 upon the bolt 10.

The springs 41 an 42 and the clips 30 and 31 are formed by severing the bridge or jumper bars 58, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6.

The relatively wide flat springs 41 and 42 bear firmly against opposite end portions of the rotor shaft and make good electrical contact therewith so that minimum resistance is offered to the flow of current through the circuit which constitutes a part of the system.

For the purpose of rotating the rotor shaft with the rotor thereon one end thereof is extended as indicated at 59, which eX- tended portion is adapted to receive any suitable known means for facilitating and effecting theJ turning or adjustment of the said rotor.

It will be seen that by `my construction I have provided means whereby the groups of windings 20 and 21 may be placed in position within the respective members 1 and 2 and their yadjacent ends extended through the openings 24 and 25; and also the outer ends of the said groups 20 and 21 may be secured by soldering or otherwise to the clips 30 and 31 respectively. It will also be seen that the groups of windings 39 and 4() may be placed upon the rotor winding support or casing 38 and the inner ends connected as indicated at 50, while the opposite outer ends thereof may be connected to the opposite end portions of the rotor shaft upon opposite sides of the connection 36 of insulating material in the manner as indicated in the drawing. These connections having been made the parts may thereafter be assembled and after assembling the inner ends of the respective coils 20 and 21 connected or tied together yas indicated at 23 in Fig. 1 of the draw-ing.

It will be seen, therefore, that by my invention I have provided, a construction of variometer comprising a plurality of parts which may be readily assembled and bound together after the windings have been put in place thereon and thereby have provided a means whereby economy in construction is effected.

messes and4 means Wherebysaid springs prevent-i.

displacement of said rotor shaft in the direction of its length.

.2. A variometer, comprisinga casing in cluding compleinental semispherical mem-` bers, means for securing-the said members together, a rotor having a shaft extending.`

through the said casing and supported in bearingsA therein, the said shaft being vided With annular grooves adjacent its opposite ends, and springs carried by the said complemental members and engaging the I said grooves.

`members 3. A variometer, comprising a stator in- -lcluding coinpleinental semi-spherical members, means for securing the said members together, and each of the said members being provided with grooves in their edges Which are situated in complemental rela-v tion to each other, the holes formed by said 'grooves being situated inI diametrically-opposed relation to each other, a shaft Which is mounted ends in the Vsaid holes and adapted to rotate therein, the said shaft having annular grooves adjacent its opposite ends, and contact springs one of which is carried by one a rotor having of the said complemental members of thel stator lcasing and the other of said springs being carried by the other of said members, which springs engage the said grooves,

4. A-Variometer, comprising a stator in? cluding tvvo complemental semifspherical which constitute the 'leasing thereof, Which members are each provided with radially extending grooves intheirv edges, which grooves when the said members are assembledoccupy positions in coinplemental' relation to each other and cooperate to form cylindrical holes, a -'rotor having a shaft mounted Within the saidholes, which shaft is provided with annular groovesadjacent its opposite lends, means for securing the said complemental members together, and springs carried by said means, one of Whichsprings is adapted to eri gage with one of'said grooves' and the other spring With the other of said. grooves, substantially as described.

5. A variometer, comprising a stator in-' cluding two complemental semi-spherical members eachv of which is provided with proat its opposite radially extending grooves upon its inner edge, the grooves upon one member being situated in complementall relation to the grooves upon the other member whenl the two semi-spherical vmembers are assembled, a

rotor having a shaft journaled in the open-- ings foi-med by the said coinplementall grooves, said shafthaving annular grooves situated adjacent its opposite ends, one of which grooves is Wider than the other, means for securing' the said complemental semispherical members to-getlieiaiid springs in engagement with the said annulargrooves, which springs are of a Width substantially equal to the narrower of the two annular l grooves :whereby longitudinal displacement of the said shaft is prevented.

6.. A variometer, comprising a stator casing of insulating materialL having diametrie.- ally disposed openings therethrough, a rotor situated within the said casing, W ich rotor is provided with a shaft the opposite ends of I which project through said openings,'springs secured to the said stator casing, which springs are situated-adjacent the opposite ends of the said rotor shaft,extend transversely thereof, y and contact With opposite sides thereof, and means whereby one of said springs' is adapted to prevent longitudinal displacement of said shaft.'

'7.v ln a varioineter, the combination of a stator casing comprising semi-spherical compleinentalmembe'rs each of `which members is provided with projections v,extending outm ivardlv therefrom and having openings ther-et irough, which projections. and openings-are adapted to register 'When'the said l coinplemental membersare placed face to face and in contact vwith eachother, means extending through said openings for securing the said members together, radially' eX-. tending diametrically'opposed openings cir-- tending through the said casing and through the said projections, a rotor situated WithinV the stator casing and having a shaft the op- .posite ends of which.lproject through the said openings and are rotatable therein, the said shaft being provided .adjacent its yopposite ends with annular grooves therein',

and springs one of Whichis secured to one of the vmembers of. the stator casing and the other one ofwhich issecured to the other of4 said members, which springs extend 'transversely of the said yshaftand contact With the portion' thereof Within the said-grooves. 8. ln a variometer, the combination olf a stator casing comprising complementa-l semi-y s spherical members,- means for securing said `members permanently'together, the said casing having diametrically situated openings consisting of complemental grooves formed in the adjacent opposing edges of the said members, a rot-or situated Within the said casing and having a shaft the opposite ends of which project; through the said openings,

said shaft' being provided with annular equare-shouldered grooves near its opposite ends, one of which grooves is Wider than the other, and springs secured to said casing, which springs extend transversely of the said shaft and contact therewith Within the said grooves, being of a width equal to the narrower of the said grooves While the other of said springs is narrower than the other of said grooves.

9. A variometer, comprising a casing including complement-al sections each of which sections is provided with a group ofvvindings which are connected in series, means for and 'one of the said springs securing the said sections together, a rotor l situated Within the said casing, a rotor shaft supported in bearings situated Intermediate the compleinental sections of' said casing, and contact springs mounted on said casing for contacting with the said rotor shaft 'and means 1 whereby said springs prevent displacement of said rotor shaft in the direction ,of its length. 

